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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

CASP9 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 69
GCID: GC01M015814

caspase 9, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase

(Previous names: caspase 9, apoptosis-related cysteine protease )

Explore 142 diseases affiliated with
CASP9 via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Caspase 9, Apoptosis-Related Cysteine Peptidase¹ ²		Caspase 9, Apoptosis-Related Cysteine Protease¹
APAF-3¹ ² ³		CASPASE-9c²
ICE-LAP6¹ ² ³		Apoptotic Protease Activating Factor 3²
MCH6¹ ² ³		Caspase-9¹
PPP1R56¹ ²		Protein Phosphatase 1, Regulatory Subunit 56²
Apoptotic Protease Mch-6² ³		CASP-9³
ICE-Like Apoptotic Protease 6² ³		EC 3.4.22.62³
APAF3² ⁵		Apoptotic Protease-Activating Factor 3³

External Ids:	HGNC: 1511¹	Entrez Gene: 842²	Ensembl: ENSG00000132906⁷	OMIM: 602234⁵	UniProtKB: P55211³

Export aliases for CASP9 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC01M015216 GC01M014997 GC01M015086 GC01M015181 GC01M015565 GC01M015688 GC01M014338

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for CASP9:

This gene encodes a member of the cysteine-aspartic acid protease (caspase) family. Sequential activation of caspases

plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis. Caspases exist as inactive proenzymes which undergo

proteolytic processing at conserved aspartic residues to produce two subunits, large and small, that dimerize to form

the active enzyme. This protein is processed by caspase APAF1; this step is thought to be one of the earliest in the

caspase activation cascade. Alternative splicing results in two transcript variants which encode different isoforms.

(provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CASP9_HUMAN, P55211

Function: Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. Binding of caspase-9 to

Apaf-1 leads to activation of the protease which then cleaves and activates caspase-3. Promotes DNA damage-induced

apoptosis in a ABL1/c-Abl-dependent manner. Proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)

Function: Isoform 2 lacks activity is an dominant-negative inhibitor of caspase-9

summary for CASP9:

Caspases (short for 'cysteinyl aspartate proteases') are involved in the signal transduction pathways of

apoptosis, necrosis and inflammation. These enzymes can be divided into two major classes - initiators and

effectors. The initiator isoforms (caspases-1,-4,-5,-8,-9,-10,-11,-12) are activated by, and interact with,

upstream adaptor molecules through protein-protein interaction domains known as CARD and DED. Effector

caspases (-3,-6,-7) are responsible for cleaving downstream substrates and are sometimes referred to as the

executioner caspases. More than 400 caspase substrates have so far been identified (see The Caspase

Substrate Database). Initiator caspases, such as caspase 8, may be directly activated by death receptors

such as FasR. Caspases can also be found intracellularly as part of large multiprotein complexes. For

example, caspase 9 is recruited to the apoptosome formed during apoptosis, whilst caspases-1 and 5 can form

part of the inflammasome, a key part of cytokine processing during inflammation. Caspases are regulated by

inhibitors of apoptosis and by dominant negative isoforms. They have been implicated in the pathogenesis of

many disorders including stroke, Alzheimer's disease, myocardial infarction, cancer, and inflammatory

disease.

Gene Wiki entry for CASP9 (Caspase-9)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000001.10 NC_018912.1 NT_004610.19

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the CASP9 gene promoter:
Sp1 Olf-1 RelA NF-E2 p45 NF-kappaB POU2F1 FOXO4 POU2F1a NF-E2 NF-kappaB1
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: CASP9 promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for CASP9

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat CASP9

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 1p36.21 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 1p36.21 HGNC cytogenetic band: 1p36.21

CASP9 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
CASP9 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 1 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC01M015814: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	15,817,327 bp from pter	End:	15,853,029 bp from pter
Size:	35,703 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CASP9_HUMAN, P55211 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Caspase-9 precursor

Size: 416 amino acids; 46281 Da

Subunit: Heterotetramer that consists of two anti-parallel arranged heterodimers, each one formed by a 35 kDa (p35) and

a 10 kDa (p10) subunit. Caspase-9 and APAF1 bind to each other via their respective NH2-terminal CED-3 homologous

domains in the presence of cytochrome C and ATP. Interacts (inactive form) with EFHD2. Interacts with HAX1. Interacts

with BIRC2/c-IAP1, XIAP/BIRC4, BIRC5/survivin, BIRC6/bruce and BIRC7/livin. Interacts with ABL1 (via SH3 domain); the

interaction is direct and increases in the response of cells to genotoxic stress and ABL1/c-Abl activation

Developmental stage: Expressed at low levels in fetal heart, at moderate levels in neonate heart, and at high levels in

adult heart

5 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for CASP9:

1JXQ (3D)

1NW9 (3D)

2AR9 (3D)

3D9T (3D)

3YGS (3D)

Secondary accessions: B4E1A3 O95348 Q53Y70 Q5JRU9 Q5UGI1 Q92852 Q9BQ62 Q9UEQ3 Q9UIJ8

Alternative splicing: 4 isoforms: P55211-1 P55211-2 P55211-3 P55211-4 (May function as an endogenous apoptotic inhibitor, inhibits the BAX-mediated cleavage of procaspase-3)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for CASP9: NX_P55211

Post-translational modifications:

Cleavages at Asp-315 by granzyme B and at Asp-330 by caspase-3 generate the two active subunits. Caspase-8 and -10 can

also be involved in these processing events¹

Phosphorylated at Thr-125 by MAPK1/ERK2. Phosphorylation at Thr-125 is sufficient to block caspase-9 processing and

subsequent caspase-3 activation. Phosphorylation on Tyr-153 by ABL1/c-Abl; occurs in the response of cells to DNA

damage¹

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P55211

CASP9 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts):

NP_001220.2 NP_127463.2

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000449584 ENSP00000330237 ENSP00000255256 ENSP00000383588 ENSP00000408691

ENSP00000365051 ENSP00000449216 ENSP00000396540 ENSP00000411304

Reactome Protein details: P55211
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	EMD Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant CASP9 Protein
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	Enzo Life Sciences proteins for CASP9
	OriGene Purified Protein: CASP9 OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate (see all 2): CASP9 OriGene Custom Protein Services for CASP9
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for CASP9
	Novus Biologicals CASP9 Proteins Novus Biologicals CASP9 Lysate
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Uscn Proteins for CASP9

Gene Ontology (GO): 5 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005622	intracellular	--	--
GO:0005625	soluble fraction	--	--
GO:0005634	nucleus	IEA	--
GO:0005829	cytosol	TAS	--
GO:0043293	apoptosome	IDA	--

CASP9 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

CASP9 Antibody Products:

	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of CASP9
	R&D Systems Antibodies for CASP9 (Caspase-9)
	OriGene Antibodies (see all 6): CASP9 OriGene Custom Antibody Services for CASP9
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for CASP9
	Novus Biologicals CASP9 Antibodies
	Abcam antibodies for CASP9
	Uscn Antibodies for CASP9
	ThermoFisher Antibodies for CASP9

Assay Products for CASP9:

	EMD Millipore Kits and Assays for the Analysis of CASP9
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	R&D Systems Kinase Activity Assays & Reagents for CASP9 (Caspase-9)
	GenScript CASP9-Activity-based Protease Assay for Compound Screening
	Enzo Life Sciences assays for CASP9
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for CASP9

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

CASP9 for domains About GeneDecksing

5/9 InterPro domains/families (see all 9):

IPR001309 Pept_C14_ICE_p20

IPR011029 DEATH-like_dom

IPR017350 Caspase_IL-1_beta

IPR002138 Pept_C14_p10

IPR015917 Pept_C14_p45_core

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P55211

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P55211

3 Blocks protein families:

IPB001309 Caspase-1

IPB001315 CARD interaction domain

IPB002398 Interleukin-1B converting enzyme signature

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CASP9_HUMAN, P55211

Similarity: Belongs to the peptidase C14A family

Similarity: Contains 1 CARD domain

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CASP9_HUMAN, P55211

Function: Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. Binding of caspase-9 to

Apaf-1 leads to activation of the protease which then cleaves and activates caspase-3. Promotes DNA damage-induced

apoptosis in a ABL1/c-Abl-dependent manner. Proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)

Function: Isoform 2 lacks activity is an dominant-negative inhibitor of caspase-9

Catalytic activity: Strict requirement for an Asp residue at position P1 and with a marked preference for His at

position P2. It has a preferred cleavage sequence of Leu-Gly-His-Asp- -Xaa

Genatlas biochemistry entry for CASP9:

caspase 9,cysteine containing aspartate specific protease,widely expressed,activated by APAF1-cytochrome c multimeric

complex,then initiating the apoptotic protease cascade by activating CASP3

Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 3.4.22.62¹

miRNA Products:		miRTarBase miRNAs that target CASP9: hsa-mir-133a (MIRT001986), hsa-let-7a (MIRT005294)

		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 2): CASP9 Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat CASP9
		1 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNA that regulate CASP9:
		hsa-miR-214*
		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: CASP9 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for CASP9 (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: CASP9 OriGene siRNA: CASP9
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat CASP9

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for CASP9

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CASP9 (see all 4) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CASP9 (see all 2) OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): CASP9 (NM_001229)
		Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for CASP9
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for CASP9
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat CASP9

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for CASP9
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for CASP9

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for CASP9

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/6 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 6): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004197	cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	IEA	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	11024045
GO:0008047	enzyme activator activity	TAS	9390557
GO:0008233	peptidase activity	IDA	--
GO:0017124	SH3 domain binding	IDA	15657060

CASP9 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing

Animal Models:
     Mouse knock-outs for CASP9: Casp9^tm1Flv Casp9^tm1Mak
     11 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles) (MGI details for Casp9):

cardiovascular system	cellular	craniofacial	embryogenesis	growth/size
hematopoietic system	immune system	mortality/aging	nervous system	respiratory system
taste/olfaction

CASP9 for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/69 super-pathways (see all 69) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

TWEAK Pathway

8/13 pathways (see all 13)
TWEAK Pathway	1.00	TRAIL Pathway	0.40
DR3 Signaling	0.87	TNF Signaling	0.40
TNFR1 Pathway	0.53	Apoptotic Pathways Triggered By HIV1	0.37
GITR Pathway	0.46	Apoptosis through Death Receptors	0.32

Signaling by FGFR

8/12 pathways (see all 12)
Signaling by FGFR	1.00	DAP12 signaling	0.83
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR	0.92	Signaling by EGFR in Cancer	0.83
Signaling by FGFR in disease	0.91	DAP12 interactions	0.76
Signaling by ERBB2	0.89	Signaling by PDGF	0.72

PIP3 activates AKT signaling

8/10 pathways (see all 10)
PI-3K cascade	1.00	PI3K/AKT activation	0.97
PIP3 activates AKT signaling	1.00	GAB1 signalosome	0.96
PI3K/AKT Signaling in Cancer	1.00	Constitutive PI3K/AKT Signaling in Cancer	0.88
PI3K events in ERBB2 signaling	1.00	Signaling by SCF-KIT	0.72

Apoptotic factor-mediated response

Apoptotic factor-mediated response	1.00	SMAC binds to IAPs	0.71
Activation of caspases through apoptosome-mediated cleavage	0.71	SMAC-mediated dissociation of IAP:caspase complexes	0.71
Cytochrome c-mediated apoptotic response	0.71	Formation of apoptosome	0.43
SMAC-mediated apoptotic response	0.71

Apoptosis and survival_Caspase cascade

Apoptosis and survival_Caspase cascade	1.00	Apoptosis and survival FAS signaling cascades	0.44
Apoptosis and survival Caspase cascade	1.00	Caspase cascade in apoptosis	0.42
Apoptosis and survival_FAS signaling cascades	0.44	FAS pathway and Stress induction of HSP regulation	0.33

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

5/11 EMD Millipore Pathways for CASP9 (see all 11)

	Apoptosis and survival NGF signaling pathway
	Signal transduction PTEN pathway
	Apoptosis and survival Role of CDK5 in neuronal death and survival
	Apoptosis and survival FAS signaling cascades
	Apoptosis and survival Lymphotoxin-beta receptor signaling

1 R&D Systems Pathway for CASP9

Apoptosis Signaling Pathways

5/41 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for CASP9 (see all 41)

	Caspase Cascade
	TWEAK Pathway
	14-3-3 Induced Apoptosis
	LT-BetaR Pathway
	Mitochondrial Apoptosis

1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for CASP9

Apoptosis and Autophagy

3 Tocris Bioscience Pathways for CASP9

	Akt Pathway
	Apoptosis Pathway
	VEGF Pathway

5/11 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for CASP9 (see all 11)

	Apoptosis and survival Caspase cascade
	Apoptosis and survival FAS signaling cascades
	Signal transduction AKT signaling
	Signal transduction PTEN pathway
	Development IGF-1 receptor signaling

5/21 BioSystems Pathways for CASP9 (see all 21)

	Apoptosis
	NOD pathway
	FAS pathway and Stress induction of HSP regulation
	EGFR1 Signaling Pathway
	AGE/RAGE pathway

5/43 Reactome Pathways for CASP9 (see all 43)

	Signaling by EGFR in Cancer
	Downstream signal transduction
	Cytochrome c-mediated apoptotic response
	Intrinsic Pathway for Apoptosis
	Signal Transduction

1 PharmGKB Pathway for CASP9

Celecoxib Pathway, Pharmacodynamics

5/18 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for CASP9) (see all 18):

	p53 signaling pathway
	Apoptosis
	VEGF signaling pathway
	Alzheimer's disease
	Parkinson's disease

CASP9 for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for CASP9

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/91 Interacting proteins for CASP9 (P55211^{1, 2, 3} ENSP00000330237⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 91)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
APAF1	O14727¹^,²^,³, ENSP00000353059⁴	EBI-516799,EBI-446492 MINT-15372 MINT-15373 MINT-24935 MINT-15374 MINT-7230217 I2D: score=8 STRING: ENSP00000353059
CASP3	P42574²^,³, ENSP00000311032⁴	MINT-18815 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000311032
CARD8	Q9Y2G2²^,³, ENSP00000351901⁴	MINT-17223 I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000351901
XIAP	P98170¹^,²^,³, ENSP00000347858⁴	EBI-516799,EBI-517127 MINT-15875 MINT-25026 MINT-15874 I2D: score=7 STRING: ENSP00000347858
BIRC7	Q96CA5¹^,³, ENSP00000217169⁴	EBI-516799,EBI-517623 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000217169

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/17 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 17): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006508	proteolysis	IEA	--
GO:0006915	apoptotic process	TAS	--
GO:0006919	activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	--	--
GO:0006974	response to DNA damage stimulus	IDA	15657060
GO:0007173	epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	TAS	--

CASP9 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

CASP9 for compounds About GeneDecksing

EMD Millipore small molecules for CASP9:
Small Molecule - inhibitor

Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for CASP9

Compounds for CASP9 available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
Ac-LEHD-AFC	Fluorogenic caspase substrate	[210345-03-2]
Z-VAD-FMK	Cell-permeable, irreversible caspase inhibitor	--

10/163 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for CASP9 gene (see all 163) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
adpribose	80.6	61	14637187 (1), 16418332 (1), 18069112 (1), 18276737 (1) (see all 60)
bongkrekic acid	75.8	5	11861382 (1), 15289292 (1), 18534571 (1), 17431216 (1) (see all 5)
z-vad-fmk	73.8	6	15075347 (1), 12171907 (1), 16973565 (1)
sp 600125	69.3	5	18569012 (1), 16624850 (1), 15197348 (1), 18594007 (1) (see all 5)
n acetylcysteine	67.9	16	17142968 (1), 11461973 (1), 12850239 (1), 17904098 (1) (see all 10)
phosphatidylserine	67.7	16	11734450 (1), 16956122 (1), 11432865 (1), 15356656 (1) (see all 16)
noxa	67.4	1	17545623 (1)
methylseleninic acid	62.4	2	14583501 (1), 15845651 (1)
ly294002	60.7	10	20412566 (2), 18492488 (1), 10473597 (1), 12438947 (1) (see all 9)
oxygen	59.4	50	14598320 (2), 12424221 (1), 15572588 (1), 11877388 (1) (see all 48)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about CASP9

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for CASP9 gene (2 alternative transcripts):

NM_001229.3 NM_032996.2

Unigene Cluster for CASP9:

Caspase 9, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase

Hs.329502 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: AB209147

11 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000546424(uc001awm.2 uc001awn.3 uc001awo.3 uc001awp.3 uc009voi.3)

ENST00000333868(uc010obm.2) ENST00000348549 ENST00000400777 ENST00000424908

ENST00000375890 ENST00000474305 ENST00000447522 ENST00000440484 ENST00000546969

ENST00000469637

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 2): CASP9 Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat CASP9
		1 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNA that regulate CASP9:
		hsa-miR-214*
		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: CASP9 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for CASP9 (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: CASP9 OriGene siRNA: CASP9
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat CASP9

Clone Products:		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CASP9 (see all 4) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CASP9 (see all 2) OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): CASP9 (NM_001229)
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for CASP9
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat CASP9

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for CASP9 Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat CASP9
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat CASP9
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat CASP9

Additional cDNA sequence:

AB015653.1 AB020979.1 AB209147.1 AF093130.1 AF110376.1 AK292080.1 AK292111.1 AK303743.1

BC002452.2 BC006463.1 BT006911.1 U56390.1 U60521.1

10 DOTS entries:

DT.446743 DT.95081879 DT.100797677 DT.91753480 DT.70105224 DT.100797676 DT.121349031 DT.40119968

DT.97794336 DT.99928425

24/149 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 149):

AW274170 AF093130 BI917769 AB015653 AI378362 AI564833 BI223119 CR613097

BC006463 CB217125 BF223116 BU950231 AI520705 AI056035 CR597028 AA534393

BT006911 AA281152 AW008569 AI917505 AA489446 AA977799 BX342429 CN484553

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/7 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for CASP9 (see all 7) About this scheme

ExUns:	1	^	2	^	3a	·	3b	·	3c	^	4	^	5a	·	5b	·	5c	^	6a	·	6b	^	7a	·	7b	^	8	^	9	^	10	^	11	^	12a	·	12b	·	12c	·	12d
SP1:											-										-		-
SP2:											-				-		-				-		-
SP3:											-										-
SP4:					-		-		-		-										-		-
SP5:											-								-		-		-		-		-		-

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for CASP9

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

CASP9 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: TGGGGCCAGG

About this image
See CASP9 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for CASP9

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.329502

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CASP9_HUMAN, P55211

Tissue specificity: Ubiquitous, with highest expression in the heart, moderate expression in liver, skeletal muscle,

and pancreas. Low levels in all other tissues. Within the heart, specifically expressed in myocytes

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including CASP9 (see all 10):

Parkinson's Disease in human mouse rat

Cancer PathwayFinder in human mouse rat

VEGF Signaling in human mouse rat

Apoptosis in human mouse rat

p53 Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat

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In Situ
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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for CASP9 gene from 4/15 species (see all 15) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	CASP9¹	caspase 9, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase	61.99(n) 55.69(a)		426970 XM_424580.3 XP_424580.3
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	CASP9⁶	--	48(a)	1 ↔ 1	AAWZ02040620(272-5099)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	casp9-A²	caspase-9	74.53(n)		AB038172.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	Dr.16035²	Transcribed sequence with weak similarity to protein more	78.89(n)		CA470968.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for CASP9 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for CASP9 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for CASP9 gene

CASP16² CASP6² CASP8² CASP12² CASP7² CASP3² CASP2² CASP14²

CASP1² CASP5² CASP10² CASP4²

6 SIMAP similar genes for CASP9 using alignment to 7 protein entries: CASP9_HUMAN (see all proteins):

CASPASE-9c DKFZp686N1815 CASP3 CASP2 DKFZp586A181 CASP7

CASP9 for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 1 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Pop	Total sample
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs75093591^1,2	F,	--	14338263(+)	`GAGTCC/AATATT`	2	--	ut3¹		1	WA	118
rs1052592^1,2	C	--	14338361(-)	`AGAGTC/TTGAAC`	2	--	ut3¹		3	MN NA	188
rs883664^1,2	C,F,H	--	14338544(+)	`GCAAGG/CGACAG`	2	--	ut3¹ ese³		6	MN NS EA	776
rs4646104^1,2	C	--	14338608(-)	`CTGACAT/-GTGGG`	2	--	ut3¹		1	NS	170
rs6685218^1,2	C,H,	--	14338857(+)	`CCAGGC/TCTCAG`	2	--	ut3¹ ese³		4	NS EA	418
rs4646102^1,2	C,F,H	--	14339460(-)	`CTCAGG/AAGGCC`	2	--	int¹ ese³		6	NS EA CSA	600
rs4646101^1,2	C,H	--	14339480(-)	`CCCTCC/TTTGTA`	2	--	int¹		5	NS EA	590
rs4646099^1,2	C,F,H,	--	14339542(-)	`CCCTCC/ACTATA`	2	--	int¹ ese³		13	NS EA WA	1354
rs2020901^1,2	C,F,	--	14339803(-)	`GGATTC/G/TGGGGT`	2	--	int¹		6	NA NS EU	1219
rs4646097^1,2	C,F,H,	--	14340073(-)	`GCGCCC/TGAGCC`	2	--	int¹		12	NS EA MN WA	1110

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for CASP9 (15817327 - 15853029 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for CASP9: --
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): CASP9

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing CASP9

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

CASP9 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 602234    OMIM disorders: --

20/142 diseases for CASP9 (see all 142):    About MalaCards

synovitis spinal cord injury diffuse large b-cell lymphoma amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als)

talipes equinovarus non-small cell lung carcinoma amyotrophic lateral sclerosis adenomatous polyposis coli

b-cell lymphomas back pain status epilepticus non-hodgkin lymphoma

soft tissue sarcoma type 2 diabetes mellitus autism spectrum disorder lateral sclerosis

arteriovenous malformation gastrointestinal stromal tumor japanese encephalitis squamous cell carcinoma

2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for CASP9:

Cancer Vascular disease

10/85 Novoseek disease relationships for CASP9 gene (see all 85) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
cancer	68.9	47	17955373 (2), 11346470 (2), 11410874 (2), 15325294 (1) (see all 37)
leukemia	66.2	23	17332322 (2), 11302692 (1), 15827335 (1), 18799030 (1) (see all 21)
necrosis	66.1	34	17403866 (3), 18206660 (2), 11399776 (1), 11804874 (1) (see all 30)
tumors	65.7	82	11896617 (6), 10815928 (2), 11723234 (2), 15523899 (2) (see all 60)
colon cancer	61.1	10	11381362 (2), 12881229 (1), 17186548 (1), 15824729 (1) (see all 8)
promyelocytic leukemia	58.8	1	11750088 (1)
glioblastoma	54.4	11	11772428 (3), 18814044 (2), 18164543 (1), 15523899 (1) (see all 7)
prostate cancer	52.7	14	20437871 (2), 10861750 (1), 16322271 (1), 16891474 (1) (see all 12)
myeloid leukemia	49	1	17156654 (1)
breast cancer	44.6	23	16309219 (2), 17767197 (1), 19013426 (1), 20021858 (1) (see all 21)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): CASP9
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: CASP9 (48 documents)

Export disorders for CASP9 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for CASP9 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 1767):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with CASP9)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

ICE-LAP6, a novel member of the ICE/Ced-3 gene family, is activated by the cytotoxic T cell protease granzyme B. (PubMed id 8663294)^{1, 2, 3} Duan H.... Dixit V.M. (1996)
A caspase-9 variant missing the catalytic site is an endogenous inhibitor of apoptosis. (PubMed id 9890966)^{1, 2, 9} Seol D.W. and Billiar T.R. (1999)
c-Abl tyrosine kinase regulates caspase-9 autocleavage in the apoptotic response to DNA damage. (PubMed id 15657060)^{1, 2, 9} Raina D....Kufe D. (2005)
Inhibition of caspase-9 through phosphorylation at Thr 125 by ERK MAPK. (PubMed id 12792650)^{1, 2, 9} Allan L.A....Clarke P.R. (2003)
Cytochrome c and dATP-dependent formation of Apaf-1/caspase-9 complex initiates an apoptotic protease cascade. (PubMed id 9390557)^{1, 3, 9} Li P....Wang X. (1997)
Identification of an endogenous dominant-negative short isoform of caspase-9 that can regulate apoptosis. (PubMed id 10070954)^{1, 2, 9} Srinivasula S.M.... Alnemri E.S. (1999)
Dimer formation drives the activation of the cell death protease caspase 9. (PubMed id 11734640)^{1, 2, 9} Renatus M....Salvesen G.S. (2001)
The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. (PubMed id 16710414)^{1, 2} Gregory S.G.... Bentley D.R. (2006)
Cloning of a novel human caspase-9 splice variant containing only the CARD domain. (PubMed id 16780893)^{1, 2} Wang P.... Ma D. (2006)
Polymorphisms in apoptosis genes predict response to infliximab therapy in luminal and fistulizing Crohn's disease. (PubMed id 16181301)^{1, 4} Hlavaty T....Vermeire S. (2005)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 842	HGNC: 1511	AceView: CASP9	Ensembl:ENSG00000132906	euGenes: HUgn842
ECgene: CASP9	Kegg: 842	H-InvDB: CASP9

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for CASP9	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for CASP9	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
NIEHS-SNPs	http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/casp9/
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspase-9

Intellectual Property for CASP9 gene
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Patent Information for CASP9 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving CASP9

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

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caspase 9, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase

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caspase 9, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase

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